Monday, April 21, 2008
Thursday, April 3, 2008
Maintain Child's Interest
How Do I Maintain My Child's Interest?
When can the kids quit? I think one of the more difficult questions in homeschooling is deciding when to let the kids quit something they don't like and when to insist that they persevere. A few points to consider, when weighing the pros and cons:
There are infinite numbers of different ways to learn and some methods and resources suit some kids a whole lot better than others. There's no reason, for example, to force a specific history curriculum if your kids loathe it when there are so many alternative resources and approaches available.
Learning is practically nil when students lack liking or interest. If a kid absolutely hates Resource X and is miserable at the sight of it, Resource X -- no matter how much it costs and how much everybody else's kids like it -- isn't providing an optimum learning environment for yours. Look at the way kids sop information up when they're curious and fascinated vs. their snail-like progress when they're not. One of the great benefits of homeschooling is our ability to provide fuel for their curiosity.
This shouldn't be a battle over parental respect. Certainly we all want our kids to respect (and love and admire) us, but learning shouldn't be something they do solely to please US -- learning is what they do to please, delight, and surprise themselves. Homeschooling on our part, as parents, is a process of discovery, a constant experiment in helping our kids find their personal best way to learn. Anyway, nobody should panic themselves into thinking that "I hate my math program" means "I hate you." In most cases, it means "Help!"
And kids do learn beautifully. It's impossible to prevent them from learning. That learning, however, doesn't necessarily take place as (or when) we expect it to. Some kids respond enthusiastically to structure and workbooks; some don't. Some despise history -- unless it's taught through music or science or art. Sometimes learning is messy - there you are, intent on teaching the geography of Antarctica, and they're hopping around begging to read "Mr. Popper's Penguins." Homeschoolers are flexible enough to drop the map and read "Mr. Popper's Penguins." Strike when the iron is hot.
On the other hand.....Some skills and academic concepts are only acquired through hard and often tedious work -- piano practice and the multiplication tables spring to mind. No way around this. But there are long-term rewards and huge payoffs in expertise.
On the other hand.....All three of our kids started taking violin lessons when they were very young. Two of them stuck with it, are now excellent players, and are still taking violin lessons. One of them, after a year or so of lessons, announced that he didn't like it. He didn't practice. We nagged. We made inspiring speeches about the rewards of hard work. We tried creative bribery. He still didn't practice; he dragged his feet enroute to lessons. This went on for months. Finally, after much soul-searching, we let him quit. At this point, he never wanted to take music lessons again.
SIX YEARS LATER......He decided that he would like to take piano lessons. He threw himself into it; is having fun and doing great. Then, persuaded by his brothers -- who pitched strings -- he decided to learn the string bass. Which he is. Sometimes I think we should never have let him quit the violin. Sometimes I think we should have let him quit sooner.
Rebecca Rupp, Ph.D., has homeschooled her three sons for more than ten years and has been a leading proponent of the burgeoning homeschooling movement. She is the author of many books and articles on education and natural history, including How We Remember and Why We Forget (Three Rivers Press, 1998). She lives in Shaftsbury, Vermont. Rupp has recently written two new books: The Complete Home Learning Sourcebook (Crown, 1998) and Getting Started on Home Learning: How and Why To Teach Your Kids at Home (Crown, 1999)
The above article was obtained, with permission, from the "Homeschool Zone".
Wednesday, March 26, 2008
Child Labour
WHAT IS "CHILD LABOR"?
"Child labor" is, generally speaking, work for children that harms them or exploits them in some way (physically, mentally, morally, or by blocking access to education).
WHO IS A "CHILD"?
International conventions define children as aged 18 and under.
WHO ARE CHILD LABORERS? AND HOW MANY ARE THERE?
In 2000, the ILO estimates, "246 million child workers aged 5 and 17 were involved in child labor, of which 171 million were involved in work that by its nature is hazardous to their safety, physical or mental health, and moral development. Moreover, some 8.4 million children were engaged in so-called 'unconditional' worst forms of child labor, which include forced and bonded labor, the use of children in armed conflict, trafficking in children and commercial sexual exploitation." Unicef’s State of the World’s Children Report says only that although the exact number is not known, it is surely in the hundreds of millions.
WHERE DO CHILD LABORERS LIVE?
61% in Asia, 32% in Africa, and 7% in Latin America, 1% in US, Canada, Europe and other wealthy nations In Asia, 22% of the workforce is children. In Latin America, 17% of the workforce is children. The proportion of child laborers varies a lot among countries and even regions inside those countries.
"In Africa, one child in three is at work, and in Latin America, one child in five works. In both these continents, only a tiny proportion of child workers are involved in the formal sector and the vast majority of work is for their families, in homes, in the fields or on the streets." -- Unicef’s 1997 State of the World’s Children Report.
WHAT DO CHILD LABORERS DO?
Work ranges from taking care of animals and planting and harvesting food, to many kinds of small manufacturing (e.g. of bricks and cement), auto repair, and making of footwear and textiles.
A large proportion of children whom the ILO classifies as child laborers work in agriculture.
More boys than girls work outside their homes. But more girls work in some jobs: for instance, as domestic maids. Being a maid in someone’s house can be risky. Maids typically are cut off from friends and family, and can easily be physically or sexually abused by their employers.
Note: Less than 5% of child laborers make products for export to other countries. Sources for this statistic include Unicef’s State of the World’s Children Report 1997.
WHY SHOULD WE CARE?
Many children in hazardous and dangerous jobs are in danger of injury, even death.
Beyond compassion, consider who today’s children will become in the future. Between today and the year 2020, the vast majority of new workers, citizens and new consumers — whose skills and needs will build the world’s economy and society — will come from developing countries. Over that 20-year period, some 730 million people will join the world’s workforce — more than all the people employed in today's most developed nations in 2000. More than 90 percent of these new workers will be from developing nations, according to research by Population Action International. How many will have had to work at an early age, destroying their health or hampering their education?
Festivals In Tamil Nadu
The annual festival the "Thaipongal", is also the time for the householder to cast away his pots and pans and to get new ones. After the wet months of October, November and December, the householder renovates his house. It is similar to the spring cleaning in some temperate countries. The farmer, after seeing the first ears of corn in his fields, celebrates a thanks-giving ceremony in honour of the sun-god. He as the priest and his wife as the priestess, prepare their offerings of milk-rice amidst the din of lighted crackers. They offer their salutations to the sun-god for giving them the rains and for ripening their corn. A spirit of genial comradeship prevails amongst the whole community. The following day is the Paddipongal in honour of the cattle which has helped the farmer and his family throughout the year. On this occasion the cows and bulls get a holiday.
The Maha Sivarathiri is the most auspicious of the "Punnyakalams". It mostly falls in the ninth of Masi (February--March). The day is dedicated to fasting and prayer throughout the night in honour of Lord Siva. Special "poojas" and services are conducted in temples right through the night. Sacred scriptures are read and interpreted. Devotional songs are sung to music. The devotees end their vigil by bathing in a sacred river or spring.
In ancient Ceylon the temple was the pivot of the social life of the people. Religion, education and art had their main inspiration from these centres. Hindu temples in Ceylon as in South India are the expression in stone and brick of the profound thoughts embodied in the Saiva Siddhanta philosophy. The ceremonies and festivals at these centres of worship demonstrate the unfolding of this philosophy.... All rites and all modes of worship serve one purpose that is to help the individual to lead a "Divine Life" and attain salvation (moksha).
The New Moon in the month of 'Adi' is also the last day of the festival at Mavittapuram Kandaswamy Temple. In the early hours before sunrise an insignia of the presiding deity is taken in procession with the beating of drums and the playing of music to the shores of Keerimalai for the water-cutting ceremony.
Festivals In INDIA
Festivals in India are characterized by color, gaiety, enthusiasm, prayers and rituals. Foreign travelers are struck by the scale and multiplicity of Indian festivals that have evolved in the society.
Diwali, the popular festival of Indians, celebrates the return of Lord Rama and Sita from exile. Diwali is also called as the festival of lights. It usually falls between 15th October and 15th November. It is celebrated because on that day hundreds of years ago lord ram returned home to Ayodhya after 14 years of being into exile.
It also celebrates the day Mother Goddess destroyed a demon called 'Mahisha' & Victory of Good over evil. The day is celebrated by lighting lamps, diyas, visiting relatives, feasting, and displaying fireworks.
Other Festivals in India:
The word festival means feast day, festive celebration. As kids, when there used to be festivals the only thing that came to our minds was holidays and sweets that in turn meant lots of fun. India being a society of may religions there are a lot many festivals. For the Hindus there is diwali, for the Muslims there is id, for the Christians its Christmas and for the Parsis it’s the New Year and apart from all these days there are two other days that are celebrated by all Indians irrespective of cast, creed or sex. Yes, its 26th January and 15th August. i.e. Republic Day and the Independence Day.
Dusshera in India is another festival celebrated by the Hindus. It marks the victory of good over evil. On that day lord ram killed the evil Ravana. On dusshera an effigy of Ravana is burnt at many places.
Ramzan Id is the most important festival in the Muslim calendar. A month long fasting and prayers is followed by Ramzan Id. It’s said that during this month all the prayers and wishes of an individual comes true.
Christmas in India - Christmas marks the birth of Jesus Christ on 25th December every year and is an inseparable part of Christians all over the country and the world. Santa Claus, gifts, cakes, cookies, and the beautifully decorated Christmas tree with a midnight mass depicts he beginning of Christmas.
Easter is another important festival for Christians. It’s usually falls in the month of March or April. 40 days fast is followed by Good Friday and Easter. On this day Jesus Christ rose from the dead and ascended into heaven. Easter eggs and Easter bunnies are a major attraction during Easter.
Parsi New Year is one of the most important days in the Parsi community. It marks the beginning of a New Year filled with joy and prosperity.
Holi is another festival that is celebrated by all communities. It’s a festival of colours. It marks the beginning of summer season and so water balloons are burst to beat the heat.
Some other festivals that are celebrated happily all over the country are Onam, Baisakhi, Pongal, Mahavir Jayanti, Buddha Jayanti, Guru Purnima, Raksha Bandhan, Krishna Janmashtami, Gandhi Jayanti, Kumbh Mela, Children’s day, Ganesh Chaturthi and many many more festivals.
Festivals bring joy and happiness in our lives. If we celebrate all festivals alike we can spread the message of joy, happiness, brotherhood and humanity among one another and live as one family and community.

